Permethrin 95%TC
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Product Name |
Permethrin |
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CAS No. |
52645-53-1 |
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Chemical Name |
3-phenoxybenzyl-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl) cyclopropanecarboxylate |
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Molecular Weight |
391.31g/mol |
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Tech & Formulation |
95%TC, 25%EC |
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Appearance for TC |
Crystalline solid |
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Physical and chemical properties |
Density: 1.19-1.27g/cm³ Melting Point: 34-35℃ Boiling Point: 200℃/0.1mmHg,＞290℃ at 760mmHg Flash Point: 159.4℃ Solubility: insoluble in water 0.2mg/L (20℃). In xylene, hexane >1000, methanol 258 (g/kg, 25℃).
Stability: Stable to heat (2 y at 50℃), more stable in acidic than alkaline media with optimum stability c. pH 4; DT5050 d (pH 9), stable (pH 5, 7) (all 25C). Some photochemical degradation observed in laboratory studies, but field data indicate this does not adversely affect biological performance. F.p. >100C ('Perigen'). Specification:
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APPLICATIONS
Mode of action: Non-systemic insecticide with contact and stomach action, having a slight repellent effect.
Uses: A contact insecticide effective against a broad range of pests. It controls leaf- and fruit-eating Lepidoptera and Coleoptera in cotton, at 100-150 g a.i./ha, in fruit, at 25-50 g/ha, in tobacco, vines and other crops, at 50-200 g/ha, and in vegetables, at 40-70 g/ha. It has good residual activity on treated plants. It is effective against a wide range of animal ectoparasites, provides >60 d residual control of biting flies in animal housing, at 200 mg a.i. (as EC)/m2 wall or 30 mg a.i. (as WP)/m2wall, and is effective as a wool preservative, at 200 mg/kg wool. It provides >120 d control of Blattodea, Diptera, Hymenoptera and other crawling insects, at 100 mg a.i. (as WP)/m2.
Phytotoxicity: Non-phytotoxic when used as directed (except that some ornamentals may be injured).
Formulation types: DP; EC; UL; WG; WP; Fumigant; Aerosol.
Compatibility: Mixing with calcium nitrate is not recommended.
MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral: Oral LD50 values of permethrin depend on such factors as: carrier, cis/trans ratio of the sample, the test species, its sex, age and degree of fasting; values reported sometimes differ markedly. Values for a cis/trans ratio of c. 40:60 are: for rats 430-4000, mice 540-2690 mg/kg; with a 20:80 ratio, the LD50 is c. 6000 mg/kg.
Skin and eye: Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >2500, rabbits >2000 mg/kg. Mild eye and skin irritant (rabbits). Moderate skin sensitiser.
Inhalation: LC50 (3 h) for mice and rats >685 mg/m3 air; (separate study gives >13 800 mg/m3).
NOEL: In 2 y feeding trials, rats receiving 100 mg/kg diet showed no ill-effects.
ADI: 0.05 mg/kg b.w. (for tech., with cis/trans ratios 25:75 to 40:60)
Water GV: 20 ug/l (based on ADI).
Other: No mutagenic, teratogenic, or carcinogenic activity.
Toxicity class: WHO (a.i.) II; EPA (formulation) II ('Ambush'); III ('Outflank')
EC hazard: Xn; R22
ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds: Typical oral LD50 values for a cis/trans ratio of c. 40:60 are: for chickens >3000, mallard ducks >9800, Japanese quail >13 500 mg/kg.
Fish: LC50(96 h) for rainbow trout 2.5 ug/l; (48 h) for rainbow trout 5.4, bluegill sunfish 1.8 ug/l.
Daphnia: LC50 (48 h) 0.6 ug/l.
Bees: Toxic to bees. LD50 (24 h) (oral) 0.098 ug/bee; (topical) 0.029 ug/bee.
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
EHC: Permethrin is not likely to be a hazard to the environment when used as recommended.
Animals: In mammals, there is hydrolysis of the ester bond, hydroxylation, and elimination as the glucoside conjugate.
Soil/Environment: In soil and water, degradation is rapid. DT50 in soil <38 d (pH 4.2-7.7, o.m. 1.3-51.3%).
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